Explain how train signals work:

Every railway line is divided up into sections called blocks where only one train at a time is allowed to be.  Signalling has kit attached to tracks to determine whether or not a train is in a section – this kit includes track circuits which send a small electrical current between the tracks and trains, and axle counters which count the wheels going in and out of a section.  Trackside signals control entry into and out of each block and also warn trains when the line ahead might be occupied and if they must reduce speed.  The earliest signals were a form of semaphore (arm up or down to tell the trains to stop or go).  Now, signals are exactly like robots with red, green and yellow lights.

Someone is the signalman who will tell the trains if they can stop or go.  Can use the soccer ball - only the train that has been signalled can have the ball and the ball keeps passing to different Cubs based on who the signalman decides.  Alternatively, can work like red light green light game and Cubs have to try and pass the signal before it changes (arm up = stop, arm down = go)

• 2 eggs
• 200 ml milk
• 4 tsp. (20 ml) margerine
• 1 tsp. (5 ml) Vinegar
• 300 ml cake Flour
• 200 ml water
• Cinnamon
• Sugar
• Lemon juice
  

1. Beat the eggs and add the milk, melted margerine and vinegar.
2. Add the cake flour and beat until there are no lumps. Lastly add the water and mix well.
3. Let the batter stand for 30 minutes before cooking.
4. Heat a greased frying pan. Pour a little batter in the pan and brown on one side before flipping and browning the other. Continue in this manner until the mixture is finished.
5. Serve with toppings of choice (eg. cinnamon sugar, lemon juice)
   

Model train sets

Soccer games:

One Pin Bowling

1. Give each player a ball and have them line up at the side of the field.
2. Place a cone with a ball on it about 10 feet from each player.
3. Have the players kick their ball one at a time at the cone to try to knock the ball off the cone directly in front of them.
4. For a variation on this game, line up several cones with soccer balls on them like actual bowling pins and see how many “pins” the players can knock down.

Tag the Flag

Divide the players into multiple groups of three to four.

2. Place flags about 30 feet (or 10 meters) apart from each other on the field.
3. One to two players from each team stands at their first flag with a ball while the rest of their team stand at the other flag waiting to be tagged in.
4. When the game starts, one player runs from their first flag to the second flag while dribbling the ball. As soon as the player arrives at the second flag, the second player tags in and runs the ball back to the other flag. The game can continue until all players have gone two to three times.

The emphasis for this game should be on having the players use both feet to move the ball and having them keep their head up while dribbling the ball.

Toe Taps

1. Starting at a slow pace, have a player place one foot on top of the soccer ball, then place that foot back on the ground.
2. The player should then place their other foot on the ball and then place that back on the ground. (The player may be a little off balance but this will improve as they get used to the activity).
3. Slowly start to increase the speed at which the player moves their feet and see how long and how fast the player can go.